Animals, Free Full-Text
Por um escritor misterioso
Descrição
Executive Functions (EFs) are needed for effortful self-regulation of behaviour and are known to change over the lifespan in humans. In domestic dogs, EFs can be assessed through behavioural rating scales, such as the Dog Executive Function Scale (DEFS). The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the DEFS, developed initially using a sample of adult dogs, can be used in juvenile (<1 year) and senior (>8 years) dogs. Confirmatory factor analysis of a juvenile and senior dog sample led to good model fit indices, indicating that juvenile and senior dogs’ EF structure follows the same functional organisation as found in the DEFS. The secondary aim was to analyse the lifespan development of EFs. Analysis of subscale scores revealed multifaceted relationships with age for four subscales. Working Memory and Attention Towards Owner showed the u-shaped curve traditionally associated with the lifespan development of EFs. Forms of inhibition showed complex associations with age, i.e., Delay Inhibition declined in aging and Motor Regulation increased during aging. Training history and Working Status influenced performance independent of age. More highly trained dogs and working dogs exhibited higher EF skills. Training history appeared more important for EF in non-working dogs than working dogs, perhaps because all working dogs receive a high level of training.
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://assets-global.website-files.com/5f6cc9cd16d59d990c8fca33/648877531c6bebb9fc19f0d6_animal-rights-quotes-famous-1.jpg)
92 Best Quotes About Animal Rights — To Help Fight Cruelty
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://louisvilleky.gov/sites/default/files/2023-12/waivedfeesthroughdecmeberfb.png)
Animal Services
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://www.mdpi.com/animals/animals-13-00809/article_deploy/html/images/animals-13-00809-g001-550.jpg)
Animals, Free Full-Text
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://p.calameoassets.com/230821220327-2ab1849d7118d1ebc0a7a8925674bb05/p1.jpg)
Calaméo - Discover Your Spirit Animal The Complete Guide For
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://i.pinimg.com/736x/0c/1e/85/0c1e85efa96cb9fbf9ecd3c86dedd49a.jpg)
Find out about human interactions with endangered animals in North
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://sothebys-md.brightspotcdn.com/dims4/default/6af6dad/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1167x2000+0+0/resize/385x660!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fsothebys-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fmedia-desk%2Fd9%2Fbe%2F87c69a4349deb6b6b09c8e645f7a%2F404n10706-br666-01.jpg)
Animals, Exotic) Exhibition of exotic animals, mostly reptilian
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://easypeasylearners.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Quiet-Book-Printable-Ocean-Animals-Binder-for-Preschool-and-Kindergarten.jpg)
Quiet Book Printable Ocean Animals Binder for Preschool and
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://www.puzzles-to-print.com/image-files/zoo-animals-word-search.jpg)
Zoo Animals Word Search Puzzle
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://img.freepik.com/free-vector/set-animal-color-silhouette-black-outline-white-background_1308-55019.jpg?size=626&ext=jpg&ga=GA1.1.1413502914.1696550400&semt=ais)
Page 28 Australia animals Vectors & Illustrations for Free
![Animals, Free Full-Text](https://www.science.org/cms/10.1126/science.344.6191.1437/asset/0d510908-83e3-4dce-8faa-aba77d1b22be/assets/science.344.6191.1437.fp.png)
Free Willy? Dolphin drama riles aquaria
de
por adulto (o preço varia de acordo com o tamanho do grupo)